Greenland's headline corporate income tax (CIT) rate is 25% (6% surcharge on underpaid tax).
The headline personal income tax (PIT) rate is 10 plus municipal tax.
0% - there is no VAT in Greenland, confirmed directly via both PwC Worldwide Tax Summaries and Greenland's own official Tax Agency (Skattestyrelsen). Greenland is not part of the EU VAT area. Instead, import duties apply to specific goods (vehicles, alcohol, cigarettes, food products), and separate excise duties apply to fishing of certain species, locally-produced alcohol, lottery/gambling activity, and motor vehicles.
An individual becomes fully tax liable in Greenland by taking up residence (acquiring a home and settling in) or by staying more than six consecutive months, with taxation generally commencing from the date of arrival; short holiday absences do not break the six-month count. Fully resident individuals are taxed on worldwide income (up to 44%, depending on municipality) unless a tax treaty's double-residence tie-breaker assigns residency elsewhere. Individuals not fully resident face limited tax liability on Greenland-source income only, defined by Section 2 of the Greenlandic Tax Act. A company is resident based on its place of incorporation/management; non-resident companies are taxed on profits from a Greenland permanent establishment, and separately on income connected to oil, gas, and mineral exploration/exploitation regardless of PE status.
Confirmed via PwC and independently corroborated by a Greenland trade-and-investment source: a Greenlandic company (alone, with other group companies, or with individual owners and their next of kin) must include a foreign subsidiary's CFC income in its own taxable income if it controls that subsidiary (ownership thresholds cited include "control" generally and, per one source, specifically more than 50% of shares or voting rights), the subsidiary's financial assets average more than 10% of its total assets during the income year, and the foreign company is taxed "substantially lower" than under Greenlandic taxation. There is no white list or black list exempting subsidiaries resident in particular countries - each case is assessed on the facts. CFC status also interacts with Greenland's interest withholding regime: the general 25% withholding tax on interest paid to a non-resident creditor does not apply where the recipient is under the controlling influence of a parent resident in Denmark, the Faroe Islands, or a DTT country, provided the recipient would be subject to CFC taxation in its own jurisdiction if local conditions were met.
Confirmed via PwC: Greenland has a real, currently-changing debt-to-equity thin capitalization rule limiting interest deductions and capital-loss deductions on related-party debt. Through the 2023 income year the ratio was 2:1; a bill approved 14 November 2023 raised the ratio to 4:1, effective from the 2024 income year onward - meaning a related-party debt load of up to four times equity is now permitted before excess interest and capital losses become non-deductible. Separately, transfer pricing documentation (arm's-length pricing for related-party transactions, applicable where ownership or voting control exceeds 50%) must be filed within 60 days of the tax return deadline once controlled-transaction value thresholds are met (DKK 500 million for 2023, reduced to DKK 250 million for 2024) - Greenland has no joint taxation regime, so this documentation requirement extends even to transactions between two Greenlandic group entities.
No domestic FBAR/Form 8938-equivalent requiring a Greenlandic resident to self-report foreign accounts was found. Greenland participates in FATCA, the OECD's Automatic Exchange of Information (AEoI) framework, and the Multilateral Competent Authority Agreement (MCAA), and has concluded 46 separate Tax Information Exchange Agreements (TIEAs) with jurisdictions including Aruba, the Bahamas, the Cayman Islands, San Marino, and Monaco. Separately and independently of Greenlandic law, US citizens and Green Card holders with Greenland-connected accounts remain obligated to file FinCEN Form 114 (FBAR) once aggregate foreign accounts exceed USD 10,000, and potentially Form 8938, regardless of Greenland's own domestic requirements.
Very limited. Sources agree Greenland's comprehensive corporate/general tax treaty coverage extends only to Denmark, the Faroe Islands, Iceland, and Norway. PwC separately notes Greenland has additional narrower treaties covering only employee tax with Denmark, the Faroe Islands, Guernsey, Iceland, the Isle of Man, Jersey, and Norway - broader in partner count than the general treaty network but limited in scope to employment income. Beyond the treaty network, Greenland's 46 TIEAs (see above) provide for information exchange without full double-tax relief.