25% (Impot sur les Benefices), but only on companies deriving more than 25% of turnover from activities outside Monaco; most local trading and holding companies are effectively outside the tax's scope.
No personal income tax for residents (in place since 1869), with the narrow exception of French nationals taxed by France under the 1963 Franco-Monegasque Convention.
20% standard, applying the French VAT system under the Monaco-France customs union (reduced rates of 10%, 5.5%, and 2.1% also apply).
An individual is tax resident in Monaco if present 183 days or more per year, confirmed via multiple sources. Establishing residency requires a carte de sejour and a tax residency certificate. Given Monaco has no personal income tax for non-French residents regardless of income source or amount, residency status primarily matters for the French-national exception (below) and for social security/administrative purposes rather than triggering any Monegasque personal tax liability.
French national exception: French citizens residing in Monaco generally remain subject to French income tax under the 1963 Franco-Monegasque Convention, regardless of actually living in Monaco - confirmed via multiple sources. Narrow exceptions exist (e.g., residence in Monaco established before 1957, or 5+ years' residence before October 31, 1962, or marriage to a Monegasque national, or specific dual-nationality situations settled before December 29, 1995).
Monaco has no Controlled Foreign Company regime, confirmed via a specialist Monaco tax-planning source: income received indirectly through offshore companies is not attributed back to the Monaco-resident shareholder under domestic law. This does not eliminate CFC exposure for a Monaco resident who is also subject to another jurisdiction's own CFC rules (relevant primarily to the French-national exception above, and to residents who retain tax obligations elsewhere).
No statutory thin capitalization ratio was identified in available sources.
No domestic FBAR/Form 8938-equivalent requiring Monaco residents to self-report their own foreign accounts was identified. Monaco updated its EU automatic-exchange-of-information framework effective January 1, 2026, confirmed via a specialist source, extending institutional CRS/FATCA-style reporting to digital assets and e-money alongside traditional accounts. Separately and independently of Monaco law, US citizens and Green Card holders with Monaco accounts remain obligated to file FinCEN Form 114 (FBAR) once aggregate foreign accounts exceed USD 10,000, and potentially Form 8938, regardless of Monaco's own reporting regime.
Monaco has a very limited tax treaty network, confirmed via TaxAtlas. The 1963 Franco-Monegasque Convention is by far the most significant bilateral tax agreement, primarily addressing the treatment of French nationals resident in Monaco (see above) rather than functioning as a conventional double-tax-relief treaty for a broad range of counterparties. Monaco's customs union with France means French VAT and customs rules apply directly rather than through a separate treaty mechanism.