8% standard for resident legal entities (2% for small and medium enterprises).
Flat 10%.
15% standard; no VAT registration threshold (unlike neighboring Central Asian states).
An individual is resident if permanently resident in Turkmenistan or physically present for 183 days or more in a calendar year (unless otherwise provided under an applicable tax treaty), confirmed via two independent sources. Residents are taxed on worldwide income.
Confirmed directly via Freeman Law's tax treaty summary: "CFC Rules. No CFC rules."
No statutory thin capitalization ratio was identified in reliable sources this session. One lower-quality directory source claims thin capitalization rules are "not in play," but given that source's demonstrated unreliability on other jurisdictions reviewed this session, this is treated as a genuine gap ("not identified") rather than a confirmed "No" - the claim happens to point the same direction as an absence, but is not being relied upon as confirmation given its source quality.
No domestic FBAR/Form 8938-equivalent requiring Turkmenistan residents to self-report their own foreign accounts was identified. Institutional-level CRS/FATCA participation is likely significantly constrained given Turkmenistan's tightly closed, centrally-controlled economy and currency system, though this was not independently confirmed this session. Separately and independently of local law, US citizens and Green Card holders with Turkmenistan accounts remain obligated to file FinCEN Form 114 (FBAR) once aggregate foreign accounts exceed USD 10,000, and potentially Form 8938, regardless of local requirements.
Turkmenistan has approximately 20 double taxation agreements, confirmed via two independent TaxAtlas pages, primarily with major trading partners and investors in the energy sector. Distinctively, Turkmenistan is an assignee of a number of double tax treaties originally entered into by the USSR, alongside treaties separately entered into and ratified by Turkmenistan's own government post-independence, confirmed directly via GSL's specialist tax-law profile - a structural legacy of Turkmenistan's status as a Soviet successor state. Withholding tax exemptions may be available where the foreign recipient is resident in a treaty-partner country and follows specified administrative procedures, also confirmed via GSL. Transfer pricing rules apply to related-party transactions and external trade deals, with tax authorities empowered to adjust calculations where pricing diverges from market value by more than 20% generally (or more than 10% for Petroleum Law contractors specifically), confirmed via Freeman Law.