Vietnam's headline corporate income tax (CIT) rate is 20.
The headline personal income tax (PIT) rate is residents up to 35%; non-residents flat 20% (employment income).
The standard VAT/GST (or equivalent consumption tax) rate is 10. Registration thresholds, zero-rated and exempt categories, and reduced rates vary by jurisdiction - see the source link below for the full detail on this jurisdiction.
An individual is a Vietnamese tax resident if any one of the following applies: present in Vietnam for 183 days or more within a calendar year or within any consecutive 12-month period from the first day of arrival; registered permanent residence in Vietnam; or leased housing (including hotels) in Vietnam for 183 days or more in the tax year (unless proven resident of another country). Residents are taxed on worldwide income; non-residents face a flat 20% rate on Vietnam-source employment income only. A limited treaty-based exemption can apply to a non-resident present under 183 days whose employer is also non-Vietnamese, subject to additional conditions.
Vietnam has no Controlled Foreign Company legislation.
Vietnam has no formal thin capitalization rules in its tax legislation, though the permitted level of debt funding is separately constrained by licensing requirements (capped at the difference between licensed investment capital and charter capital) and foreign-loan regulations. Under Decree 132, deductible interest on loans - particularly for related-party transactions - is capped at 30% of EBITDA; disallowed interest carries forward up to five years. Interest corresponding to a shortfall in charter capital, and interest deemed excessive under transfer pricing rules, is separately non-deductible.
Vietnam has signed double tax agreements with 81 countries per PwC (some not yet in force). Notably, the US and Vietnam signed an income tax treaty on July 7, 2015, which Vietnam ratified in 2017 - but the United States has not ratified it, so it remains not in force; there is currently no comprehensive US-Vietnam income tax treaty in effect. Vietnamese tax authorities apply a substance-over-form, anti-treaty-shopping approach when evaluating DTA claims.